Brölemann, H. W. (1898). Voyage de M. E. Simon au Venezuela (décembre 1887-août 1888. 27. mémoire (1). Myriapodes. <em>Annales de la Société entomologique de France.</em> 67(3): 241-313. Paris.

original description

Hoffman, R. L. (1980). Classification of the Diplopoda. 1-237. Genève.

additional source

Hoffman, R. L. (1999). Checklist of the millipedes of North and Middle America. <em>Virginia Museum of Natural History, special publication.</em> 8: 1-584.

taxonomy source

Loomis, H. F. (1937). New Jamaican and Cuban millipeds, with notes on several other species. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 80: 215-228. Cambridge, Mass., U. S. A.

source of synonymy