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AnimaliaNot EvaluatedacceptedspeciesAccepted
Ciona robusta

Ciona robusta

Hoshino & Tokioka, 1967

GBIF:157129889

0countries
0year

PROFILE

Species Profile

Habitat

Marine

Export occurrence data

Darwin Core Archive (ZIP)

GEOGRAPHY

Distribution Map

Occurrence Map

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REGIONS

Geographic Distribution(18)

Gulf of California
introduced
Angolan part of the South Atlantic Ocean(AO)
introduced
Argentinian part of the South Atlantic Ocean(AR)
introduced
Australian part of the Great Australian Bight(AU)
introduced
Australian part of the Bass Strait(AU)
introduced
Chilean part of the South Pacific Ocean(CL)
introduced
Chilean part of the South Pacific Ocean(CL)
introduced
Spanish part of the Balearic (Iberian Sea)(ES)
uncertain
Montenegrin part of the Adriatic Sea(ME)
introduced
New Zealand part of the Tasman Sea(NZ)
introduced
New Zealand part of the Tasman Sea(NZ)
introduced
Tunisian part of the Mediterranean Sea - Eastern Basin(TN)
introduced
Tunisian part of the Mediterranean Sea - Western Basin(TN)
introduced
United States part of the North Pacific Ocean(US)
introduced
South African part of the Indian Ocean(ZA)
introduced
South African Exclusive Economic Zone(ZA)
introduced
Durban Bay(ZA)
introduced
South African part of the South Atlantic Ocean(ZA)
introduced

DATA

Occurrence Datasets

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CLASSIFICATION

Taxonomic Classification Tree

AnimaliaChordataTunicataAscidiaceaPhlebobranchiaCionidaeCionaCiona robusta

IDENTIFIERS

External Identifiers(1)

To GenBank (133 nucleotides; 181 proteins)

NCBI:txid1774208

UNKNOWN

Occurrences with images

CITATIONS

References(5)

  • 1

    Brunetti, R.; Gissi, C.; Pennati, R.; Caicci, F.; Gasparini, F.; Manni, L. (2015). Morphological evidence that the molecularly determined Ciona intestinalis type A and type B are different species: Ciona robusta and Ciona intestinalis. <em>Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research.</em> 53(3): 186-193.

    additional sourceDOI: 10.1111/jzs.12101
  • 2

    Hoshino, Z.; Tokioka, T. (1967). An unusually robust Ciona from the northeastern coast of Honsyu Island, Japan. <em>Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab.</em> 15(4): 275-290.

    original description
  • 3

    Nydam, M. L.; Harrison, R. G. (2007). Genealogical relationships within and among shallow-water Ciona species (Ascidiacea). <em>Marine Biology.</em> 151(5): 1839-1847.

    additional sourceDOI: 10.1007/s00227-007-0617-0
  • 4

    Pennati, R.; Ficetola, G. F.; Brunetti, R.; Caicci, F.; Gasparini, F.; Griggio, F.; Sato, A.; Stach, T.; Kaul-Strehlow, S.; Gissi, C.; Manni, L. (2015). Morphological Differences between Larvae of the Ciona intestinalis Species Complex: Hints for a Valid Taxonomic Definition of Distinct Species. <em>PLOS ONE.</em> 10(5): e0122879.

    additional sourceDOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122879
  • 5

    Zhan, A.; Macisaac, H. J.; Cristescu, M. E. (2010). Invasion genetics of the Ciona intestinalis species complex: from regional endemism to global homogeneity. <em>Molecular Ecology.</em> 19(21): 4678-4694.

    additional sourceDOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04837.x

    • Source Information

    WRiMS

    WRiMS

    checklist

    The World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS, https://www.marinespecies.org/introduced) records which marine species in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS, https://www.marinespecies.org, https://dx.doi.org/10.14284/347) have been introduced deliberately or accidentally by human activities to geographic areas outside their native range. It excludes species that colonized new locations naturally (so called ‘range extensions’), even if in response to climate change. The dataset is published as a standardized Darwin Core Archive and includes for each taxon: the scientific name, higher classification, stable identifiers linking to taxon and scientific name information, taxonomic status, and nomenclatural status, the vernacular names, the region of introduction and associated country, as well as the year of the first introduction (first collection) and/or last assessment/observation in this region, coarse habitat information, and the pathway(s) of introduction and invasion stage. We have released this dataset under a Creative Commons license (CC-BY). If you have any questions regarding this dataset, don’t hesitate to contact us via the contact information provided in the metadata.

    Costello, M. J.; Ahyong, S.; Bieler, R.; Boudouresque, C.; Desiderato, A.; Downey, R.; Galil, B. S.; Gollasch, S.; Hutchings, P.; Kamburska, L.; Katsanevakis, S.; Kupriyanova, E.; Lejeusne, C.; Ma, K. C. K.; Marchini, A.; Occhipinti, A.; Pagad, S.; Pino, L.; Poore, G. C. B.; Rewicz, T.; Rius, M.; Robinson, T. B.; Sobczyk, R.; Stępień, A.; Turon, X.; Valls Domedel, G.; Verleye, T.; Vieira, L. M.; Willan, R. C.; Zhan, A. (2026). World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS). Accessed at https://www.marinespecies.org/introduced on 2026-06-01. doi:10.14284/347 accessed via GBIF.org on 2026-06-14.

    CC BYPublished 6/1/2026View dataset
    GBIF Usage Key
    157129889
    Dataset Key
    0a2eaf0c-5504-4f48-a47f-c94229029dc8
    Origin
    source
    Backbone Key
    4356092
    Taxon ID
    urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:252565
    Last Crawled
    6/10/2026
    Last Interpreted
    6/10/2026
    View on GBIFSource Reference