Phyzelaphryne nimio

(Fig. 5 C) Several populations of small eleutherodactylids in lowland Amazonia are historically attributed to a single taxon of the genus Phyzelaphryne Heyer, 1997 (Phyzelaphryne miriamae Heyer, 1977). Recently, the real diversity within the widespread P. miriamae has been clarified, indicating that at least two molecularly divergent lineages representing candidate new species were masqueraded under this name (Simões et al., 2018). Considering this taxonomic history, we initially thought that specimens from the RBJ could be conspecific with the " candidate new species 1 ″ sensu Simões et al. (2018), which occur at the middle Juruá River basin, or representatives of a never sampled new species. Surprisingly, our molecular and morphological evidence supports the identity of this population as conspecific with the recently described P. nimio, known only from the Japurá River basin (Simões et al., 2018). This record represents a southeast extension of ca. 280 km for the distributional range of P. nimio, as well as the first evidence of its occurrence at the southern bank of the Amazon River.