Acanthocyrtus necropolitanus

Description. Total length (head + trunk) of specimens 1.57 – 3.89 mm (n = 4), holotype 2.34 mm. Specimens yellowish with violet present from Ant I – IV, head anteriorly between the antennae and laterally; Abd III with one lateral spot which extends to Abd IV anteriorly, Abd IV with one transveral spot posteriorly and other spot on Abd V; Th II to Abd IV and femur I – III weakly with violet pigments or absent; eyespatches black (Fig. 2). Scales heavily ciliate, oval or elongated and apically rounded or pointed (rarely truncate or irregular) present on Ant I to proximal one third of Ant II, dorsal head, dorsal thorax and abdomen, legs (except empodia), and manubrium and dens ventrally. Head. Antennae gently larger than trunk length (Fig. 2); ratio antennae: trunk = 1: 1.16 – 1.32 (n = 4), holotype 1: 1.27; antennal segments ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.86 – 2.03: 1.59 – 1.81: 2.46 – 2.82, holotype 1: 1.94: missing: 2.82. Ant IV not annulated, with apical bulb apically bilobed, at least 4 sens types, 3 conical, 6 in finger-shape, 3 rods and numerous pointed sens (Fig. 3 A). Ant III sense organ with 2 club-shaped sens, 3 spiny guard sens, 1 conical and 1 finger-shape sens, at least 6 pointed sens and ciliated chaetae (Fig. 3 B); dorsally with about 9 elongated thin sens and ventrally with 1 proximal mac apically acuminate (Fig. 3 C). Ant II dorsally with 2 – 4 mac and 2 elongated thin sens distally; ventrally with 3 mac apically acuminate (Fig. 3 C). Ant I dorsally with 1 – 2 median mac and 3 smooth mic at base (Fig. 3 C). Clypeal formula with 4 (l 1 – 2), 6 (f), 5 (pf 0 – 2) ciliate chaetae, l 1 – 2 larger, l 1 apically acuminate, 4 f smaller, others subequal (Fig. 3 D). Labral a 1 chaeta normal, m 0 – 1 and p 0 – 2 larger. Labral inner papillae conical and with one apical projection; outer papillae about a small rounded projection (Fig. 3 E). Eyes subequals, except G and H gently smaller, others subequal, and with 5 ’ IO’ chaetae (p, r, t, q, s); head dorsal macrochaetotaxy with 7 – 8 An, 4 A, 3 M, 6 S, 4 Pa, 2 Pm, 3 Pp, and 1 Pe mac (Fig. 3 F). Labial papilla E with l. p. finger-shape and surpass the base of a. a. (Fig. 4 A). Maxillary palp with smooth t. a. and b. c. and subequal in length (Fig. 4 B). Basolateral and basomedian labial fields with chaetae M 1 – 2, R, E, L 1 – 2 ciliate, M 2 and R smaller (Fig. 4 C). Ventral head with at least 80 ciliate chaetae, 13 larger and thicker, 15 smaller, and about 53 subequals; postlabial formula with 4 (G 1 – 4), 3 (X 2, X, X 4), 4 (H 1 – 4), 4 (J 1 – 4?) chaetae; cephalic groove with 8 chaetae (Fig. 4 D). Thorax chaetotaxy (Fig. 5 A). Th II a, m and p series with about 35 (anterior chaetal collar omitted), 10 – 11 and 18 – 20 mac, respectively. Th III a, m and p series with 1, 2 and 8 – 9 mac, respectively. Ratio Th II: III = 1.75 – 1.50: 1 (n = 4), holotype 1.75: 1. Abdomen chaetotaxy (Figs 5 B – C). Abd I a, m and p series with 0, 4 and 0 mac, respectively. Abd II a, m and p series with 0, 3 – 4 and 0 mac, respectively; a 5 and m 2 bothriotricha with 7 and 5 accessory chaetae respectively. Abd III a, m and p series with 0, 4 and 1 mac, respectively; m 2 bothriotrichum with 5 accessory chaetae, and a 5 and m 5 bothriotricha with 13 accessory chaetae between them. Abd IV with 3 unpaired mac (atypical), 12 – 15 central mac of A – T series and 17 – 18 lateral mac of E – Fe series; 14 sens (as, ps and other type I, and 11 type II) and posteriorly about 16 posterior mes (1 unpaired). Abd V a, m and p series with 3, 3 and 7 mac, respectively. Ratio Abd III: IV = 1: 5.02 – 5.92 (n = 4), holotype 1: 5.59. Legs. Subcoxa I with one row of 4 chaetae and 2 psp; subcoxa II with an anterior row of 8 – 10 chaetae and about 13 anterior chaetae; posterior row of 3 – 4 and 2 psp; subcoxa III with one row of 8 – 9 chaetae, about 27 anterior chaetae and 2 posterior psp (Figs 6 A – C). Trochanteral organ with about 29 spine-like chaetae (Fig. 6 D). Tibiotarsus I – III normal pr subdivided on distal two third; tibiotarsal smooth chaeta subequal than the unguiculus, tenent hair capitate and 0.90 smaller than the unguis outer edge; pretarsus with one minute anterior and one posterior smooth chaeta (Fig. 6 E). Unguis I – III with 4 inner teeth, b. t. subequal to m. t. and on almost distal ⅓ of unguis inner side, m. t. on distal ¼, a. t. minute and on distal 1 / 7; outer side with 3 teeth, 2 paired large laterobasal teeth and one unpaired proximal tooth. Unguiculus I – III with all lamellae (ae, ai, pe, pi) smooth and acuminate (Fig. 6 E); ratio unguis: unguiculus = 1: 0.51 in holotype. Collophore (7 A). Anterior side with about 16 ciliate chaetae, 14 widely distributed of subequal length, distally 3 unequal acuminate mac; posterior side with about 19 chaetae, 18 ciliate chaetae (3 unpaired) widely distributed of subequal length, and 1 distal smooth chaeta; lateral flap with about 14 chaetae, 5 smooth and 9 ciliate. Furcula. Manubrium ventrally with 3 subapical and 10 – 12 apical scales elongated plus 3 inner ciliate chaetae per side (Fig. 7 B); manubrial plate with 6 – 7 ciliate chaetae of different sizes (3 mac) and 2 psp (Fig. 7 C). Dens basal half with 38 – 65 (holotype with 60 – 65) dorsal spines striated on two inner rows; bs 1 and pi as spine-like chaetae, bs 2 as spine (Fig. 7 D).

Figs 2 – 7, 12 and Table 1

Diagnosis. Head and Abd III – IV with 1 lateral spot and Abd IV with 1 transveral spot posteriorly (Fig. 2); prelabral chaetae smooth (Fig. 3 D); head sutural series with 6 mac (S 0, S 2 – 6) and 5 interocellar chaetae (Fig. 3 F); labral inner papillae conical and outer papillae absent (Fig. 3 E); labial papilla E with l. p. finger-shape and surpass the base of a. a. (Fig. 4 A); basolateral labial field with chaetae M 2 and R ciliate and smaller than the others (Fig. 4 C); Th II a, m and p series with about 35, 10 – 11 and 18 – 20 mac, respectively; Th III – Abd I with 11 – 12, 4, 2 – 3 + 1 and 1 + 4 mac respectively, Abd IV with 15 – 18 (3 unpaired) central and 17 – 18 lateral mac (Fig. 5); unguis b. t. subequal to m. t. and on almost distal in ⅓ of the unguis, and a. t. present; unguiculus with all lamella smooth and acuminate (Fig. 6 E); collophore anteriorly with 3 unequal distal mac (Fig. 7 A); manubrium ventro-distal with 3 inner chaetae (Fig. 7 B); dens with 38 – 65 spines on two rows, dens bs 2 present (Fig. 7 D). Mucro teeth subequal, basal spine surpassing the apex of the proximal tooth (Fig. 7 E).

Etymology. Refers to cemetery where the new species was found (From Greek: nekropolis – necropolis, cemetery)

Type Material. Holotype female in slide (NMV): Australia, Western Australia, Perth municipality, South Guildford, Guildford Cemetery, near to Kalamunda road, 31 ° 55 ’ 05 ” S, 115 ° 58 ’ 46 ” E (Fig. 12), 15 m., 21 – 22. iii. 2015, pitfall-trap, C Taylor coll. 12 paratypes: 2 males and 1 female on slides and 2 specimens in alcohol (NMV) plus 1 male on slides (INPA-CLL 000121), same date as holotype; 1 male and 3 females on slides (NMV) plus 2 females on slides (INPA-CLL 000122 - 23), same date as holotype, except vegetation adjacent of the Perth Airport, 31 ° 55 ’ 18 ” S, 115 ° 58 ’ 36 ” E, 13 m.