AnimaliaVulnerableacceptedspeciesAccepted

Andrias japonicus

Japanese Giant Salamander(+25)·(Temminck, 1836)

GBIF:2432039

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PROFILE

Species Profile

Characteristics

Extant

ABOUT

Descriptions(1)

Ossification of the skull begins in phase II. The premaxilla, squamosal, dentary and columella begin to ossify. In some individuals, ossification of the vomer, parasphenoid and prearticular is also detected. An ossification centre is detected in the medial portion of the premaxilla, the anterior portion of the vomer and the posterolateral portion of the parasphenoid. The lateral part of the frontal and parietal bones begins to ossify along the anterior – posterior axis. In the pharynx, the hypohyal, ceratohyal, first and second hypobranchials and fourth ceratobranchial appear as cartilaginous structures. Ossification of the angular, coronoid and parietal begin in phases III and IV. The coronoid starts to ossify from the medial side and the parietal from the lateral side. In phase V, ossification of the maxilla, exoccipital and angular begins. The maxilla starts to ossify from the medial side, the exoccipital from the posterior side and the angular from the anterior side. Ossification of the premaxilla and dentary is advanced, and several teeth have developed on these bones. In phase VI, ossification begins at the medial side of the nasal, the lateral side of the frontal and the anterior portion of the pterygoid. Ossification of the second ceratobranchial is observed in some individuals. In phase VII, the prefrontal and the second ceratobranchial are ossified in all individuals. Ossification of the frontal and parietal progresses from the lateral portion to the medial portion during phases VI and VII. A fontanelle and suture lines are observed in the dorsomedial portion of the skull. In phase VIII, the frontal and parietal are divided by a suture line. The orbitosphenoid begins to ossify. In phase IX, the third and fourth ceratobranchial disappear. The second ceratobranchial ossifies in phase XII (the subadult stage). All bone elements present in the skull of the adult (phase XIII) are ossified.

Cranial skeletogenesis of one of the largest amphibians, Andrias japonicus, provides insight into ontogenetic adaptations for feeding in salamanders

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GEOGRAPHY

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REGIONS

Geographic Distribution(4)

Southern Asia

Global

vulnerable

DATA

Occurrence Datasets

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Common names used for this species across different languages and regions. Available in 17 languages. 1 preferred.

Japanese Giant Salamandereng★Japanese Giant SalamanderengJapanese Giant SalamanderengJapanese Giant SalamanderengJapanese giant salamandereng+21 more

Vernacular (common) names are the everyday names used for a species in different languages and regions. A single species may have dozens of common names worldwide. This taxon has names in 17 languages. 1 name preferred.

Japanese Giant Salamander

eng

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #273203573

Japanese Giant Salamander

eng

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Japanese Giant Salamander

eng

Source: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)Source taxon #102084194

Japanese giant salamander

eng

Source: The Paleobiology DatabaseSource taxon #137371681

Japanischer Riesensalamander

deu

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Japansk Kjempesalamander

nob

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

O sanshouo

jpn

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Salamandra gigante japonesa

spa

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Salamandra olbrzymia japońska

pol

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Salamandra-gigante-do-Japão

por

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Salamandre géante du Japon

fra

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

japonski orjaški močerad

slv

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

japán óriásszalamandra

hun

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

sacavera xigante xaponesa

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

velemlok japonský

ces

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Ōsanshōuo

jpn

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Японская исполинская саламандра

rus

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

סלמנדרת ענק יפנית

heb

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

سمندل ياباني عملاق

ara

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

ซาลาแมนเดอร์ยักษ์ญี่ปุ่น

tha

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

オオサンショウウオ

jpn

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

大山椒魚

jpn

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

日本大鯢

zho

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

일본장수도롱뇽

kor

Source: Catalogue of LifeSource taxon #299398407

Japanese Giant Salamander

eng★ preferred

Source: The IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesSource taxon #176659599

O sanshouo

jpn

Source: The IUCN Red List of Threatened SpeciesSource taxon #176659599

CLASSIFICATION

Taxonomic Classification Tree

AnimaliaChordataAmphibiaCaudataCryptobranchidaeAndriasAndrias japonicus

Animalia2,981,931

Chordata254,992

Amphibia16,476

Caudata1,643

Cryptobranchidae31

Andrias12

Andrias japonicus

NOMENCLATURE

Synonyms(18)

Andrias davidianus japonicus(Temminck, 1836)

synonym

Andrias scheuchzeri japonicus(Temminck, 1836)

synonym

Cryptobranchus japonicus(Temminck, 1836)

synonym

Cryptobranchus maximus(Schlegel, 1837)

synonym

Cryptobranchus sieboldia(Tschudi, 1837)

synonym

HIERARCHY

Child Taxa(1)

BOLD:ADC8140

unranked

Related Name Usages(11)

Matching names from other GBIF-indexed checklists and datasets.

Andrias japonicus(Temminck, 1837)

acceptedspecies

Andrias japonicus(Temminck, 1836)

acceptedspecies

Andrias japonicus(Temminck, 1836)

acceptedspecies

Andrias japonicusTemminck, 1836

acceptedspecies

Andrias japonicus

acceptedspecies

MULTIMEDIA

Media Files(4)

Figure 2. Cranial skeletogenesis in the Japanese giant salamander, Andrias japonicus. Cranial bones and cartilages are shown for eight of 12 developmental phases. Scale bars: 1 mm. Abbreviations: cl, columella; exo, exoccipital; fr, frontal; ma, maxilla; na, nasal; oc, otic capsule; osph, orbitosphenoid; pa, parietal; pfr, prefrontal; pma, premaxilla; psph, parasphenoid; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; seth, sphenothmoid; sq, squamosal; vo, vomer.

Imageimage/png© Ishikawa, Kaoru;Taguchi, Yuki;Kobayashi, Ryomei;Anzai, Wataru;Hayashi, Toshinori;Tokita, MasayoshiCranial skeletogenesis of one of the largest amphibians, Andrias japonicus, provides insight into ontogenetic adaptations for feeding in salamanders

Figure 4. Select phases of cranial skeletogenesis (ventral view) in Andrias japonicus, Hynobius nebulosus, Pleurodeles waltl and Ambystoma mexicanum. Pink elements are bone. Blue elements are cartilage. Scale bars are 1 mm, except for the 10 mm scale bar for phase XIII An. japonicus. Abbreviations: cl, columella; exo, exoccipital; fr, frontal; ma, maxilla; na, nasal; oc, otic capsule; opi, opisthotic, osph, orbitosphenoid; pa, parietal; pfr, prefrontal; pma, premaxilla; po, prootic; psph, parasphenoid; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; seth, sphenothmoid; sq, squamosal; vo, vomer.

Figure 5. Osteogenesis of the lower jaw and hyobranchial skeletons (ventral view) at larval (phases I or II) and postmetamorphosis (phases XII or XIII) stages of Andrias japonicus, Hynobius nebulosus, Pleurodeles waltl and Ambystoma mexicanum. Pink elements are bone. Blue elements are cartilage. Scale bars: 1 mm.Abbreviations: ang, angular; ar, anterior radial; art, articular; bb, basibranchial; cb, ceratobranchial; ce, ceratohyal; den, dentary; hb, hypobranchial; hc, hypohyal; pr, posterior radial.

Figure 3. Cranial skeletogenesis (dorsal view) in Andrias japonicus, Hynobius nebulosus, Pleurodeles waltl and Ambystoma mexicanum. Pink elements are bone. Blue elements are cartilage. Scale bars are 1 mm, except those for phase XIII An. japonicus and Am. mexicanum, which are 10 mm. Abbreviations: cl, columella; exo, exoccipital; fr, frontal; ma, maxilla; na, nasal; oc, otic capsule; opi, opisthotic, osph, orbitosphenoid; pa, parietal; pfr, prefrontal; pma, premaxilla; po, prootic; psph, parasphenoid; pt, pterygoid; q, quadrate; seth, sphenothmoid; sq, squamosal; vo, vomer.

IMAGES

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CITATIONS

References(1)

Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. <em>Scientific Data.</em> 10(1).

ecology sourceWorld Register of Marine SpeciesDOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4

Species Profile

Characteristics

Descriptions(1)

Distribution Map

Occurrence Map

Geographic Distribution(4)

Occurrence Datasets

Vernacular Names

Taxonomic Classification Tree

Synonyms(18)

Child Taxa(1)

Related Name Usages(11)

Media Files(4)

Gallery(4)

Occurrences with images

References(1)