Eupsophus calcaratus

Geographic distribution. This is the species with the widest distribution of the genus, slightly surpassing the 49 ° 20 ' S toward the south (Fig. 3 C). However, its northern limit cannot be clearly defined from the literature since there are three records north of the Calle-Calle River basin, the limit defined by Nunez et al. (1999) (around 39 ° 50 ' S): P. N. Nahuelbuta (locality 23 of Fig. 3 A), Villarrica (39) and Mississipi (59). Its presence in P. N. Nahuelbuta (Ortiz and Ibarra-Vidal 1992; Fig. 3 A) was questioned by Nunez (2003) and the inclusion of the populations around Villarrica in this taxon was challenged by Nunez et al. (2011), Correa et al. (2017) and Suarez-Villota et al. (2018 b). Thus, the record of the species in Mississipi would remain, but this population would be entirely surrounded by populations of E. migueli and E. roseus according to all the available information. The populations near Reumen (39 ° 57 ' S), recently reported by Suarez-Villota et al. (2018 b), would also be surrounded by populations of E. roseus, but in this case these findings are supported by molecular evidence. Together with Naguilan (locality 81, where E. roseus also is present, Correa et al. 2017) these localities constitute the northern limit confirmed by molecular phylogenetic analyses. All these findings do not coincide with the limits that appear on the maps of IUCN (2019), where E. calcaratus is replaced to the north by E. roseus around 40 ° S in Chile. In Argentina, the presence of this species was first reported by Christie and Ubeda (1996), but later, all the populations of the roseus group in that country were considered as E. calcaratus (39 ° 34 ' to 43 ° S; Ubeda 2000; see comment in Vaira et al. 2012). However, the phylogenetic analyses of Blotto et al. (2013) (ratified by Correa et al. 2017) imply that two localities in Argentina correspond to E. roseus (Fig. 3 A), which would be flanked to the north and south by populations of E. calcaratus. The maps of Rabanal and Nunez (2008) and IUCN (2019) show that E. calcaratus reaches further north on the Argentine side, assuming that all the populations included in Ubeda (2000) and others that extend their distribution about 30 km further north belong to this species.